Mike Carpenter (Photo: LIGA.net)

The only real protection for Ukraine could be Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty, which provides for the collective defense of NATO members. American diplomat Michael Carpenter, former US Permanent Representative to the OSCE (2021-2024), told LIGA.net on the sidelines of the Kyiv Security Forum.

Carpenter emphasized that, until the moment of possible accession to NATO, Ukraine should focus on developing its own deterrence potential – from long-range missiles to air defense systems and maritime defense.

This, in his opinion, will make it more difficult for Russia to carry out aggression even after a possible ceasefire.

At the same time, the American diplomat admitted that there is currently no consensus among NATO countries on Ukraine's accession, despite declarative support from European leaders and Washington.

"They always say they support [Ukraine's NATO membership], but they support it in the future – not now," Carpenter added.

He believes that the final inclusion of Ukraine in the NATO collective security system will contribute to the stabilization of the situation in Europe and long-term peace on the continent.