NATO creates a zone on the eastern flank equipped with sensors and automated systems

A zone equipped with sensors and automated systems on the ground, in the air and in space is being created on NATO's eastern flank. This was discussed in an interview with Welt am Sonntag said Brigadier General Thomas Lovin of the Bundeswehr.

According to him, the concept is called the Eastern Flank Deterrence Line (EFDL). The main goal is to protect the countries bordering Russia and Belarus on the so-called eastern flank. This means deterring a Russian attack and ensuring the ability to defend themselves in a crisis situation.

"In this respect, the EFDL is a concept developed to optimize NATO's current defense plans. However, the concept is in principle applicable not only to the eastern flank, but also globally. It would also, in principle, be suitable for the protection of critical civilian infrastructure such as airports," Lovin said.

The fundamental idea is to build a complex, multi-level defense system along the border with Russia and Belarus, and to use not only conventional troops for defense, but also to create a robotic or automated zone near the border by using obstacles and technology.

The General emphasized that the EFDL essentially consists of five main components, the implementation of which is planned in stages. At the same time, the Alliance is applying Ukraine's experience in implementing the project.

Currently, the initial elements of the concept are being tested in selected areas, including partner countries on the eastern flank. Some systems have already been deployed and are operational, while others are close to completion, he said.

"This includes the installation of a system of sensors and actuators, combined into a large digital network, to create an automated zone. It also includes pre-deployment of equipment, deployment of troops on the ground and the establishment of a command and control system that links national forces and NATO," the military explained.

The concept envisions a network of sensors deployed on the ground, in space, cyberspace or in the air. They collect data on enemy movements or weapon deployments, link this data together, and make intelligence results available to as many NATO nations as possible in real time.

• In August 2025, Budanov said that Russia plans to spend by 2036, $1.1 trillion for rearmament to prepare for war with NATO.
• In October, the head of Germany's intelligence service said that Russia was allegedly ready to engage in a direct military conflict with NATO and that this may happen by 2029.